Dicionário Caldas Aulete
clorose
A A A A
(clo.ro.se)
sf.
1. Pat. Doença frequente em mulheres jovens, espécie de
anemia caracterizada pela palidez do rosto, perturbações menstruais e fraqueza
geral; CLORANEMIA; CLOREMIA
2. Bot. Estiolamento das plantas, com amarelecimento das
partes verdes, causado por parasitas de vários tipos e, em função disso,
deficiência nutricional, ger. de ferro ou nitrogênio
[F.: clor(o)- + -ose1.]
Dicio - Dicionário online de Português
Significado de Clorose
s.f.
[Medicina] Anemia devida ao teor insuficiente de hemoglobina
nos glóbulos vermelhos.
[Botânica] Doença das plantas que produz o amarelecimento
das folhas e o seu estiolamento.
Definição de Clorose
Separação das sílabas: clo-ro-se
Plural: cloroses
Infopedia
Língua Portuguesa
com Acordo Ortográfico
clo.ro.sekluˈrɔz(ə)
nome feminino
1. BOTÂNICA
amarelecimento das folhas seguido de degenerescência da planta
2. MEDICINA
anemia característica das mulheres jovens, que apresentam uma tonalidade
amarelo-esverdeada, devido à falta de ferro
Classe gramatical: substantivo feminino
Gdict Dicionário inglês-português
http://pt.gdict.org/definir.php?palavra=chlorosis
Chlorosis
Substantivo
Part-of-speech
Phonetisch /klôˈrōsəs/
Aussprache Enviar
Plural chloroses
Redução ou perda da coloração verde normal das folhas das
plantas, geralmente causadas por deficiência de ferro em solos ricos em
calcário anormal, ou por doença ou falta de luz
A anemia causada por deficiência de ferro, esp. em meninas
adolescentes, causando uma tez pálida, levemente esverdeada. Era um diagnóstico
comum no século 19
4- Na medicina, clorose (também conhecida como "doença
verde") é uma forma de anemia chamada para a coloração esverdeada da pele
de um paciente. Seus sintomas incluem a falta de energia, falta de ar,
dispepsia, dores de cabeça, um apetite caprichoso ou escassa e amenorréia. ....
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlorosis_(medicine)
Wikipedia
Hypochromic
anemia
From
Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from Chlorosis (medicine))
Hypochromic
anemia is a generic term for any type of anemia in which the red blood cells
(erythrocytes) are paler than normal. (Hypo- refers to less, and chromic means
color.) A normal red blood cell will have an area of pallor in the center of
it; it is biconcave disk shaped. In hypochromic cells, this area of central
pallor is increased. This decrease in redness is due to a disproportionate
reduction of red cell hemoglobin (the pigment that imparts the red color) in
proportion to the volume of the cell. Red blood cells will also be small
(microcytic), leading to substantial overlap with the category of microcytic
anemia. The most common causes of this kind of anemia are iron deficiency and
thalassemia.
Hypochromic
anemia was historically known as chlorosis or green sickness for the distinct
skin tinge sometimes present in patients, in addition to more general symptoms
such as a lack of energy, shortness of breath, dyspepsia, headaches, a
capricious or scanty appetite and amenorrhea.
Historical
understanding[edit]
Pandar
Now, the
pox upon her green-sickness for me!
Bawd
'Faith,
there's no way to be rid on't but by the way to the pox. Here comes the Lord
Lysimachus disguised.
Shakespeare
(attrib). Pericles Prince of Tyre[1]
In 1554,
German physician Johannes Lange described a condition, which he called
"the disease of virgins" because, he said, it was "peculiar to
virgins". The symptoms were wide-ranging, including an appearance which is
"pale, as if bloodless", an aversion to food (especially meat),
difficulty in breathing, palpitations and swollen ankles.[2] He prescribed that
sufferers should "live with men and copulate. If they conceive, they will
recover." The symptom picture overlaps to some extent with an earlier
condition described in English medical texts, "the green sickness",
which was a form of jaundice.[3] However, Lange shifted the cause from
digestive errors to the sufferer remaining a virgin, despite being of the age
for marriage. The name "chlorosis" was coined in 1615 by Montpellier
professor of medicine Jean Varandal from the ancient Greek word
"chloros" meaning "greenish-yellow," "pale
green," "pale," "pallid" or "fresh". Both
Lange and Varandal claimed Hippocrates as a reference, but their lists of
symptoms do not match that in the Hippocratic Disease of Virgins, a treatise
that was translated into Latin in the 1520s and thus became available to early
modern Europe.[2]
In addition
to "green sickness", the condition was known as morbus virgineus
("virgin's disease") or febris amatoria ("lover's fever").
Francis Grose' 1811 Dictionary of the Vulgar Tongue defined "green
sickness" as: "The disease of maids occasioned by celibacy."[4]
In 1681,
English physician Thomas Sydenham classified chlorosis as a hysterical disease
affecting not only adolescent girls but also "slender and weakly women
that seem consumptive." He advocated iron as a treatment: "To the
worn out or languid blood it gives a spur or fillip whereby the animal spirits
which lay prostrate and sunken under their own weight are raised and
excited".
Daniel
Turner in 1714 preferred to term chlorosis "the Pale or White Sickness ...
since in its worst State the Complexion is rarely or ever a true Green, tho'
bordering on that Hue". He went on to describe it as "an ill Habit of
Body, arising either from Obstructions, particularly of the menstrual
Purgation, or from a Congestion of crude Humours in the Viscera, vitiating the
Ferments of the Bowels, especially those of Concoction, and placing therein a
depraved Appetite of Things directly preternatural, as Chalk, Cinders, Earth,
Sand, &c". One of his case studies was that of an 11-year-old girl who
was found, on investigation, to have been eating large quantities of coal.[5]
Chlorosis
is briefly mentioned in Casanova's Histoire de ma vie: "I do not know, but
we have some physicians who say that chlorosis in girls is the result of that
pleasure onanism indulged in to excess".
In 1841,
the Bohemian doctor and pharmacist Albert Popper published a treatment for
Chlorosis containing Vitriolum martis (sulfuric acid and iron) and Sal tartari
(potassium carbonate) in Österreichische medicinische Wochenschrift which was
republished and refined in the following years.[6][7][8][9][10]
In 1845,
the French writer Auguste Saint-Arroman gave a recipe for a treatment by
medicinal chocolate that included iron filings in his De L'action du café, du
thé et du chocolat sur la santé, et de leur influence sur l'intelligence et le
moral de l'homme[11] and in 1872, French physician Armand Trousseau also
advocated treatment with iron, although he still classified chlorosis as a
"nervous disease".[12][13][14]
In 1887,
physician Sir Andrew Clark of London Hospital proposed a physiological cause
for chlorosis, tying its onset to the demands placed on the bodies of
adolescent girls by growth and menarche. In 1891, Frank Wedekind's play Spring
Awakening referenced the disease. In 1895, University of Edinburgh pathologist
Ralph Stockman built upon experiments demonstrating that inorganic iron
contributed to hemoglobin synthesis to show that chlorosis could be explained
by a deficiency in iron brought on by loss of menstrual blood and an inadequate
diet. Despite the work of Stockman and the effectiveness of iron in treating
the symptoms of chlorosis, debate about its cause continued into the 1930s. A
character in T. C. Boyle's The Road to Wellville suffers from chlorosis, and
the narrator describes her green skin and black lips.
In 1936,
Arthur J. Patek and Clark W. Heath of Harvard Medical School concluded that
chlorosis was identical to hypochromic anemia.[15] More recently, some people
have suggested that it may have been endometriosis, but the historical descriptions
cannot easily be mapped on to this condition.[16]
Acquired
forms[edit]
Hypochromic
anemia may be caused by vitamin B6 deficiency from a low iron intake,
diminished iron absorption, or excessive iron loss. It can also be caused by
infections (e.g. hookworms) or other diseases (i.e. anemia of chronic disease),
therapeutic drugs, copper toxicity, and lead poisoning. One acquired form of
anemia is also known as Faber's syndrome. It may also occur from severe stomach
or intestinal bleeding caused by ulcers or medications such as aspirin or
bleeding from hemorrhoids.[17][18]
Hereditary
forms[edit]
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Hypochromic
anemia occurs in patients with hypochromic microcytic anemia with iron
overload. The condition is autosomal recessive and is caused by mutations in
the SLC11A2 gene. The condition prevents red blood cells from accessing iron in
the blood, which causes anemia that is apparent at birth. It can lead to
pallor, fatigue, and slow growth. The iron overload aspect of the disorder
means that the iron accumulates in the liver and can cause liver impairment in
adolescence or early adulthood.[19]
It also
occurs in patients with hereditary iron refractory iron-deficiency anemia
(IRIDA). Patients with IRIDA have very low serum iron and transferrin
saturation, but their serum ferritin is normal or high. The anemia is usually
moderate in severity and presents later in childhood.[20]
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